NEW STUDY HIGHLIGHTS KEY ROLE OF METALLOPROTEASES IN AMPHIBIAN FUNGAL INFECTIONS

Chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal), continues to threaten amphibian populations worldwide. These pathogens initiate infection when spores attach to the skin and extend structures known as germ tubes to invade host tissue. Our latest research sheds light on a critical component of this process: metalloproteases. Metalloproteases are enzymes that rely on metal ions such as zinc and magnesium, playing a central role in spore development and the early stages of infection.

Why this matters

Amphibians are essential to healthy ecosystems, acting as both predators and prey. Yet their populations are declining at alarming rates across the globe. Understanding how chytrid fungi infect and damage their hosts is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies.

Key findings

• Early enzyme activity

Fungal spores release metalloproteases within hours, enabling them to develop and begin infecting host skin.

• Targeting metalloproteases halts infection

The use of specific inhibitors can block spore development and prevent germ tube formation. When these inhibitors are removed, fungal growth resumes, highlighting the essential role of these enzymes in infectivity.

• Metals influence infection

Because metalloproteases depend on metal cofactors like zinc and magnesium, our findings suggest that metal availability may influence how effectively the fungi develop. This points to a potential role for environmental and host-related factors in disease progression.

Graphical abstract created in BioRender. Verbrugghe, E. (https://BioRender.com/fmzserh) is licensed under CC BY 4.0.

Looking ahead

This research opens new avenues for exploring how environmental conditions and host factors influence fungal infections in amphibians. A deeper understanding of these processes is key to protecting vulnerable species and preserving biodiversity.

Want to learn more?

You can read the full scientific study here. This research is part of the GLOSSI project, supported by the European Research Council (ERC), enabling continued efforts to better understand and protect amphibian health worldwide. If you want to learn more about this project, you can visit the project page on our website.